Although medical specialists have long known that long-term spaceflight affects the human body, recent studies have focused attention on the astronaut brain. A recent study examined astronauts who had spent an average of 171 days on the International Space Station, hoping to find evidence in the brain for vision-related issues many long-term astronauts notice. What they found is that their brains showed a series of changes.

Learn more on Astronomy.com:  “Long-term spaceflight can cause lasting changes to the brains and eyes of astronauts”